Rule 1 The Game, Player Conduct and the Rules

規(guī)則1 高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)、球員行為和規(guī)則

Purpose of Rule:

規(guī)則的目的：

Rule 1 introduces these central principles of the game for the player:

規(guī)則1向球員介紹了以下幾條高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)的核心原則：

Play the course as you find it and play the ball as it lies.

在球場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)有狀況打球和在球的現(xiàn)有位置打球。

Play by the Rules and in the spirit of the game.

遵照規(guī)則打球和尊重這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神。

You are responsible for applying your own penalties if you breach a Rule, so that you cannot gain any potential advantage over your opponent in match play or other players in stroke play.

如果你違反了某條規(guī)則，那么你有責(zé)任對(duì)自己施加處罰，從而使自己不會(huì)得到任何高于比洞賽對(duì)手或比桿賽其他球員的潛在利益。

1.1 The Game of Golf

高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)

Golf is played in a round of 18 (or fewer) holes on a course by striking a ball with a club.

高爾夫球是在球場(chǎng)行用球桿擊打一個(gè)球，完成一輪18個(gè)（或更少）球洞的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Each hole starts with a stroke from the teeing area and ends when the ball is holed on the putting green (or when the Rules otherwise say the hole is completed).

每個(gè)球洞的比賽均從發(fā)球區(qū)的擊球開始，當(dāng)球在推桿果嶺上進(jìn)洞后（或者規(guī)則另行規(guī)定該洞已完成后），這個(gè)球洞的比賽即結(jié)束。

For each stroke, the player:

每次擊球，球員都要：

Plays the course as he or she finds it, and

在球場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)有狀況打球

Plays the ball as it lies.

在球的現(xiàn)有位置打球。

But there are exceptions where the Rules allow the player to alter conditions on the course and require or allow the player to play the ball from a different place than where it lies.

但是，規(guī)則有時(shí)也會(huì)允許球員改變球場(chǎng)上的狀況并要求或允許球員從另一個(gè)地方而非現(xiàn)有位置打這個(gè)球。

1.2 Standards of Player Conduct

球員的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

1.2a Conduct Expected of All Players

球員的行為準(zhǔn)則

All players are expected to play in the spirit of the game by:

規(guī)則期望所有球員都能尊重本項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神，按照以下方式打球：

Acting with integrity – for example, by following the Rules, applying all penalties, and being honest in all aspects of play.

誠(chéng)信自律——例如遵守規(guī)則，嚴(yán)格實(shí)施處罰，真誠(chéng)坦蕩。

Showing consideration to others – for example, by playing at a prompt pace, looking out for the safety of others, and not distracting the play of another player.

為他人著想——例如快速打球，顧及他人安全，不干擾其他球員打球。

Taking good care of the course – for example, by replacing divots, smoothing bunkers, repairing ball-marks, and not causing unnecessary damage to the course.

悉心保護(hù)球場(chǎng)——例如鋪回鏟起的草皮，平整沙坑，修理球痕，以及不使球場(chǎng)遭到不合理的損傷。

There is no penalty under the Rules for failing to act in this way, except that the Committee may disqualify a player for acting contrary to the spirit of the game if it finds that the player has committed serious misconduct.

對(duì)于不按照上述方式行事的球員，規(guī)則本身并沒(méi)有處罰。但是，如果委員會(huì)認(rèn)為某球員的行為嚴(yán)重不當(dāng)，該球員可以因?yàn)樾袨橛秀１卷?xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的精神而被取消比賽資格。

Penalties other than disqualification may b imposed for player misconduct only if those penalties are adopted as part of a Code of Conduct under Rule 1.2b.

取消資格以外的處罰，只有當(dāng)其被納入規(guī)則1.2ba里的“行為準(zhǔn)則”時(shí)，才會(huì)施加。

Rule 1.2a Interpretations:

規(guī)則1.2a釋義

1.2a/1 – Meaning of Serious Misconduct

行為嚴(yán)重不當(dāng)?shù)囊馑?/p>

The phrase “serious misconduct” in Rule 1.2a is intended to cover player misconduct that is so far removed from the expected norm in golf that the most severe sanction of removing a player from the competition is justified. This includes dishonesty, deliberately interfering with another player’s rights, or endangering the safety of others.

規(guī)則1.2a中“行為嚴(yán)重不當(dāng)”一詞旨在囊括與高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)所期望的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相去甚遠(yuǎn)，以至于應(yīng)當(dāng)施加將球員從一場(chǎng)比賽中取消資格這一最嚴(yán)厲的處罰的球員不當(dāng)行為。這種行為包括不誠(chéng)信、故意妨礙另一名球員的權(quán)利，或者危及他人的安全。

The Committee must determine if the misconduct is serious considering all the circumstances. Even if the Committee determines that the misconduct is serious, it may take the view that it is more appropriate to warn the player that a repeat of the misconduct or similar misconduct will result in disqualification, instead of disqualifying him or her in the first instance.

委員會(huì)必須考慮所有的情況以決定該不當(dāng)行為是否是嚴(yán)重的。即使委員決定該不當(dāng)行為是嚴(yán)重的，也可以考慮更適當(dāng)?shù)奶幹檬菍?duì)該球員進(jìn)行警告，即如果該不當(dāng)行為或類似的不當(dāng)行為再次發(fā)生將導(dǎo)致其被取消資格，而不是第一次就將他/她取消資格。

Examples of actions by a player that are likely to be considered serious misconduct include:

球員的一些行為有可能被視為行為嚴(yán)重不當(dāng)，這些行為的例子包括：

Deliberately causing serious damage to a putting green.

故意導(dǎo)致推桿果嶺受到嚴(yán)重的損傷。

Disagreeing with the course setup and taking it on himself or herself to move tee-markers or boundary stakes.

對(duì)球場(chǎng)的設(shè)置持不同意見，并且他/她自己擅自移動(dòng)發(fā)球區(qū)標(biāo)志或界樁。

Throwing a club towards another player or spectator.

把球桿扔向另一名球員或觀眾。

Deliberately distracting other players while they are making strokes.

當(dāng)其他球員在擊球時(shí)，故意干擾該球員。

Removing loose impediments or movable obstructions to disadvantage another player after that other player has asked him or her to leave them in place.

在另一名球員已經(jīng)要求他/她把散置障礙物或可移動(dòng)妨礙物留在原處后，為了對(duì)該球員造成不利而移走該散置障礙物或可移動(dòng)妨礙物。

Repeatedly refusing to lift a ball at rest when it interferes with another player in stroke play.

比桿賽中，當(dāng)一個(gè)靜止中球妨礙了另一名球員打球時(shí)，屢次拒絕拿起這個(gè)球。

Deliberately playing away from the hole and then towards the hole to assist the player’s partner (such as helping the player’s partner learn the break on the putting green).

故意把球打向遠(yuǎn)離球洞的方向，然后再打向球洞，以幫助該球員的伙伴（例如在推桿果嶺上幫助該球員的伙伴帶線）。

Repeatedly using vulgar or offensive language.

屢次使用粗俗的或挑釁性的語(yǔ)言。

Using a handicap that has been established for the purpose of providing an unfair advantage or using the round being played to establish such a handicap.

使用出于不當(dāng)?shù)美哪康亩⒌牟铧c(diǎn)，或者使用當(dāng)前正比賽輪次來(lái)建立這樣的差點(diǎn)。

Examples of actions by a player that, although involving misconduct, are unlikely to be considered serious misconduct include:

球員的一些行為盡管涉及行為不當(dāng)，但不太可能被視為行為嚴(yán)重不當(dāng)，這些行為的例子包括：

Slamming a club to the ground, damaging the club and causing minor damage to the turf.

把一支球桿摔向地面，損壞了該球桿并且導(dǎo)致草皮輕微受損。

Throwing a club towards a golfbag that unintentionally hits another person.

將一支球桿扔向球包時(shí)意外砸到了另外一個(gè)人。

Carelessly distracting another player making a stroke.

不經(jīng)意地干擾到正在擊球的另一名球員。

1.2b Code of Conduct

行為準(zhǔn)則

The Committee may set its own standards of player conduct in a Code of Conduct adopted as a Local Rule.

委員會(huì)可以制定自己的球員行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將其寫入“行為準(zhǔn)則”并納入“當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)則”。

The Code may include penalties for breach of its standards, such as a one-stroke penalty or the general penalty.

該準(zhǔn)則可以包含違反其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的處罰，如罰1桿或一般性處罰。

The Committee may also disqualify a player for serious misconduct in failing to meet the Code’s standards.

如球員的行為不符合該準(zhǔn)則的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，委員會(huì)也可以因?yàn)閲?yán)重行為不當(dāng)而取消該球員的資格。

See Committee Procedures, Section 5H (explaining the standards of player conduct that may be adopted).

參見委員會(huì)處置程序，第5H部分（解釋可以制定的球員的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）。

1.1 Playing by the Rules

遵照規(guī)則打球

1.3a Meaning of “Rules”; Terms of the Competition

1.3a “規(guī)則”的含義； 競(jìng)賽規(guī)程

The “Rules” means:

“規(guī)則”的意思是：

Rules 1-24 and the Definitions in these Rules of Golf, and

本《高爾夫球規(guī)則》的規(guī)則1~24和定義；

Any “l(fā)ocal Rules” the Committee adopts for the competition or the course.

委員會(huì)為比賽或球場(chǎng)采取的任何“當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)則”。

Players are also responsible for complying with all “Terms of the Competition” adopted by the Committee (such as entry requirements, the form and dates of play, the number of rounds and the number and order of holes in a round).

球員有責(zé)任遵守委員會(huì)制定的所有的“競(jìng)賽規(guī)程”（如報(bào)名要求、賽制、比賽日期、比賽輪次以及一輪比賽的球洞數(shù)目和順序等）。

See Committee Procedures, Section 5C and Section 8 (Local Rules and full set of authorized Model Local Rules); Section 5A (Terms of the Competition).

參見委員會(huì)的處置程序，第5C部分和第8部分（當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)則和獲批的完整當(dāng)?shù)匾?guī)則范本）；第5A部分（競(jìng)賽規(guī)程）。

1.3b Applying the Rules

執(zhí)行規(guī)則

(1) Player Responsibility for Applying the Rules. Players are responsible for applying the Rules to themselves:

球員執(zhí)行規(guī)則的責(zé)任。球員有責(zé)任自覺(jué)執(zhí)行規(guī)則：

Players are expected to recognize when they have breached a Rule and to be honest in applying their own penalties.

違反了規(guī)則后，球員應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)并誠(chéng)實(shí)地對(duì)自己施加處罰。

>> If a player knows that he or she has breached a Rule that involves a penalty and deliberately fails to apply the penalty, the play is disqualified.

如果球員知道自己已經(jīng)違反某條規(guī)則并應(yīng)受到處罰，但卻故意不施加處罰，該球員要被取消資格。

>> If two or more players deliberately agree to ignore any Rule or penalty they know applies and any of those players have started the round, they are disqualified (even if they have not yet acted on the agreement).

如果兩名或更多名球員故意協(xié)商無(wú)視任何他們明知適用的規(guī)則或處罰，并且他們中的任何一人已經(jīng)開始這一輪比賽，這些球員要被取消資格（即使他們尚未按照該協(xié)商行動(dòng)）。

When it is necessary to decide questions of fact, a plyer is responsible for considering not only his or her own knowledge of the facts but also all other information that is reasonably available.

需要判斷事實(shí)問(wèn)題時(shí)，球員不僅有責(zé)任考慮自己了解到事實(shí)情況，還有責(zé)任考慮其他可以合理獲知的有用信息。

A player may ask for help with the Rules from a referee or the Committee, but if help is not available in a reasonable time the player must play on and raise the issue with a referee or the Committee when they become available (see Rule 20.1).

球員可以向裁判員或委員會(huì)尋求規(guī)則方面的幫助，但是，如果無(wú)法在合理的時(shí)間內(nèi)得到幫助，球員必須繼續(xù)比賽，以后再尋機(jī)將問(wèn)題反應(yīng)給裁判員或委員會(huì)（參見規(guī)則20.1）。

Rule 1.3b(1) Interpretations:

規(guī)則1.3b(1)釋義

1.3b(1)/1-Disqualifying Players Who Know a Rule but Deliberately Agree to Ignore It

球員們知道某條規(guī)則但是故意協(xié)商無(wú)視該規(guī)則將被取消資格

If two or more players deliberately agree to ignore any Rule or penalty they know applies, they will be disqualified unless the agreement is made before the round and is cancelled before any player involved in the agreement begins his or her round.

如果兩名或更多名球員故意協(xié)商無(wú)視他們知道適用的任何規(guī)則或者處罰，他們將被取消資格。但是，該協(xié)商是在開始這一輪比賽之前進(jìn)行的并且在參與該協(xié)商的任何球員開始他/她本輪的比賽之前被取消了時(shí)除外。

For example, in stroke play, two players agree to consider putts within a club-length of the hole holed, when they know that they must hole out on each hole.

例如，比桿賽中，兩名球員知道他們?cè)诿恳粋€(gè)球洞都必須擊球進(jìn)洞時(shí)，協(xié)商將距離球洞一支球桿的長(zhǎng)度范圍內(nèi)的短推視作進(jìn)洞。

While on the first putting green, another player in the group learns of this agreement. That player insists the two players who made the agreement hole out, and they do so.

在第一個(gè)推桿果嶺期間，同組的另一名球員知道了該協(xié)商。該球員堅(jiān)持要求達(dá)成該協(xié)商的這兩名球員擊球進(jìn)洞，之后這兩名球員均擊球進(jìn)洞。

Even though neither play who made the agreement acted on it by failing to hole out, they are still disqualified because they deliberately agreed to ignore Rule 3.3c (Failure to Hole Out).

盡管進(jìn)行該協(xié)商的球員中沒(méi)有任何人按照該協(xié)商采取行動(dòng)而未擊球進(jìn)洞，但是他們?nèi)匀灰蝗∠Y格，因?yàn)樗麄児室鈪f(xié)商無(wú)視規(guī)則3.3c（未擊球進(jìn)洞）。

1.3b(1)/2-In Order to Agree to Ignore a Rule or Penalty, Players Must Be Aware the Rule Exists

要想?yún)f(xié)商無(wú)視某一規(guī)則或者處罰，球員們必須知道該規(guī)則存在

Rule 1.3b(1) does not apply and there is no penalty if players agree to waive a Rule that they are not aware of or fail to apply a penalty that they do not know exists.

如果球員們協(xié)商不執(zhí)行他們不知道的某條規(guī)則或者未施加他們不知道存在的某個(gè)處罰時(shí)，規(guī)則1.3b(1)不適用，不施加處罰。

Examples where two players are unaware of a Rule, or where they have failed to apply a penalty, and therefore are not disqualified under Rule 1.3b(1), include:

兩名球員不知道某條規(guī)則，或者他們未施加某個(gè)處罰，并因此沒(méi)有按照規(guī)則1.3b(1)被取消資格的情況，包括：

In a match, two players agree in advance to concede all putts within a specific length but are unaware that the Rules prohibit them from agreeing to concede putts in this way.

比洞賽中，兩名球員事先協(xié)商認(rèn)可所有特定距離之內(nèi)的短推，但是并不知道規(guī)則禁止他們協(xié)商以這樣的方式認(rèn)可推球。

Before a 36-hole match, two players agree that they will play only 18 holes and whoever is behind at that point will concede the match, not knowing that this agreement does not comply with the Terms of the Competition.

在一場(chǎng)36洞的比洞賽之前，兩名球員協(xié)商他們只進(jìn)行18個(gè)球洞的比賽，之后落后的那名球員將認(rèn)輸該場(chǎng)比洞賽，但是他們不知道這個(gè)協(xié)商有悖于競(jìng)賽規(guī)程。

The match goes forward on that basis and the player behind after 18 holes concedes the match. Since the players do not know such an agreement is not allowed, the concession stands.

比洞賽按照該協(xié)商繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，并且在完成了18個(gè)球洞的比賽后，落后的那名球員認(rèn)輸了該場(chǎng)比洞賽。由于這些球員不知道規(guī)則不允許進(jìn)行這種協(xié)商，因此該認(rèn)輸有效。

In a stroke-play competition, a player and his or her marker, who is also a player, are unsure if the relief area for ground under repair is one club-length or two. Unaware of the Rule, they agree that it is two club-lengths and the player takes relief by dropping a ball almost two club-lengths from the nearest point of complete relief. Later in the round the Committee becomes aware of this.

比桿賽中，球員和他/她的記分員，該記分員也是一名球員，不確定整修地的補(bǔ)救區(qū)的范圍應(yīng)該是1支球桿的長(zhǎng)度還是兩支球桿的長(zhǎng)度。在不知道本規(guī)則的情況下，他們商定采用兩只球桿的長(zhǎng)度，之后該球員采取了補(bǔ)救，在離最近完全補(bǔ)救點(diǎn)差不多兩只球桿的長(zhǎng)度的地方拋了一個(gè)球。在本輪比賽結(jié)束前，委員會(huì)知道了這個(gè)情況。

Although neither player is disqualified under Rule 1.3b(1) because they were unaware of the Rule, the player has played from a wrong place and gets the penalty under Rule 14.7 (Playing from Wrong Place). There is no penalty for accidentally giving incorrect information on the Rules of Golf.

盡管任何一名球員都不會(huì)按照規(guī)則1.3b(1)被取消資格，因?yàn)樗麄儾⒉恢辣疽?guī)則，但是該球員已經(jīng)構(gòu)成從錯(cuò)誤的地方打球，并且要按照規(guī)則14.7（從錯(cuò)誤的地方打球）受到處罰。規(guī)則對(duì)不慎提供了錯(cuò)誤的高爾夫球規(guī)則的信息的行為不予處罰。

(2) Accepting Player’s “Reasonable Judgment” in Determining a Location When Applying the Rules.

執(zhí)行規(guī)則時(shí)接受球員在決定位置方面的“合理判斷”。

Many Rules require a player to determine a spot, point, line, area or other location under the Rules, such as:

許多規(guī)則要求球員按照規(guī)則決定一個(gè)地點(diǎn)、一條線、一片區(qū)域或其他位置，例如：

>> Estimating where a ball last crossed the edge of a penalty area,

估計(jì)球最后穿越罰桿區(qū)邊沿的點(diǎn)，

>> Estimating or measuring when dropping or placing a ball in taking relief, or

在拋球或放置球以采取補(bǔ)救時(shí)的估計(jì)或測(cè)量，

>> Replacing a ball on its original spot (whether the spot is known or estimated).

把球放置回其初始位置（這個(gè)點(diǎn)可能是已知的，也可能需要估計(jì)）。

Such determinations about location need to be made promptly and with care but often cannot be precise.

決定這些位置需要快速、謹(jǐn)慎，但常常沒(méi)有辦法做到精確。

So long as the player does what can be reasonably expected under the circumstances to make an accurate determination, the player’s reasonable judgment will be accepted even if, after the stroke is made, the determination is shown to be wrong by video evidence or other information.

只要球員在當(dāng)時(shí)情況下盡其所能做了準(zhǔn)確的決定，其合理判斷就將被接受，即使擊球后有視頻證據(jù)或其他信息顯示此前的決定是錯(cuò)誤的也依舊如此。

If a player becomes aware of a wrong determination before the stroke is made, it must be corrected (see Rule 14.5).

如果球員在擊球前意識(shí)到自己的決定是錯(cuò)誤的，必須予以糾正（參見規(guī)則14.5）。

Interpretations Related to Rule 1.3b(2):

規(guī)則1.3b(2)的相關(guān)釋義

6.1/1 – What to Do When One or More Tee-Markers are Missing

一個(gè)或多個(gè)發(fā)球區(qū)標(biāo)志丟失時(shí)如何處置

9.6/2 – Where to Replace Ball When It Was Moved from Unknown Location

球被移動(dòng)但不知道初始位置時(shí)把球放置回何處

17.1a/2 – Ball Lost in Either Penalty Area or Abnormal Course Condition Adjacent to

Penalty Area

球在罰桿區(qū)或毗鄰罰桿區(qū)的異常球場(chǎng)狀況內(nèi)遺失

17.1d(3)/2 – Player Drops Ball Based on Estimate of Where the Ball Last Crossed Edge of

Penalty Area That Turns Out to Be the Wrong Point

球員基于估計(jì)的球最后穿越罰桿區(qū)邊沿的點(diǎn)拋了球，之后證明是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的點(diǎn)

1.3c Penalties

處罰

(1) Actions Giving Rise to Penalties. A penalty applies when a breach of a Rule results from a player’s own actions or the actions of his or her caddie (see Rule 10.3c).

招致處罰的行為。當(dāng)球員本人或其球童的行為違反規(guī)則時(shí)，將施加處罰（參見規(guī)則10.3c）。

A penalty also applies when:

出現(xiàn)以下情況，也將施加處罰：

Another person takes an action that would breach the Rules if taken by the player or caddie and that person does so at the player’s request or while acting with the player’s authority, or

某種行為由球員或球童做是違規(guī)的，但另一個(gè)人卻在球員的要求下或者在得到球員準(zhǔn)許后做了這種行為；

The player sees another person about to take an action concerning the player’s ball or equipment that he or she knows would breach the Rules if taken by the player or caddie and does not take reasonable steps to object or stop it from happening.

球員看到另一個(gè)人正要對(duì)球員的球或裝備采取行動(dòng)，而且球員知道如果自己或球童采取該行動(dòng)是違規(guī)的，但是他/她卻沒(méi)有采取合理的措施來(lái)反對(duì)或制止此事發(fā)生。

Rule 1.3c(1) Interpretations:

規(guī)則1.3c(1)釋義

1.3c(1)/1-Action of Another Person Breaches a Rule For Player

另一個(gè)人為球員采取的行為違反了規(guī)則

A player is responsible when another person’s action breaches a Rule with respect to the player if it is done at the player’s request or if the player sees the action and allow it.

當(dāng)另一個(gè)人的涉及球員的行為違反規(guī)則時(shí)，如果這種行為是在該球員的要求下發(fā)生的，或者如果球員看到這種行為并允許它發(fā)生時(shí)，球員要承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

Examples of when a player gets the penalty because he or she requested or allowed the action include:

球員因?yàn)閼?yīng)他/她要求或允許發(fā)生的行為而受到處罰的情況，包括：

A player asks a spectator to move a loose impediment near his or her ball. If the ball moves the player gets one penalty stroke under Rule 9.4b (Penalty for Lifting or Deliberately Touching Ball or Causing It to Move) and the ball must be replaced.

球員請(qǐng)一名觀眾將他/她的球旁邊的散置障礙物移走。如果這個(gè)球發(fā)生移動(dòng)，該球員要按照規(guī)則9.4b（拿起或故意觸碰球，或?qū)е虑蛞苿?dòng)的處罰）被罰1桿，并且這個(gè)球必須被放置回原位。

A player’s ball is being searched for in tall grass. A spectator finds the ball and presses the grass down around the ball, improving the conditions affecting the stroke. If the player, seeing that this is about to happen, does not take reasonable steps to try to stop the spectator, he or she gets the general penalty for a breach of Rule 8.1a (Player’s Actions That Improve Conditions Affecting the Stroke).

在長(zhǎng)草中尋找球員的球。一名觀眾找到了這個(gè)球，同時(shí)將這個(gè)球周圍的草向下按壓，改善了擊球環(huán)境。如果該球員看到這種情況將要發(fā)生，卻沒(méi)有采取合理的措施來(lái)制止這名觀眾，他/她要因?yàn)檫`反了規(guī)則8.1a（球員改善擊球環(huán)境的行為）而受到一般性處罰。

(2) Levels of Penalties. Penalties are meant to cancel out any potential advantage to the player. There are three main penalty levels:

處罰的級(jí)別。處罰的本意是抵消球員獲得的潛在利益。共有三種主要的處罰級(jí)別：

One-Stroke Penalty. This penalty applies in both match play and stroke play under certain Rules where either (a) the Potential advantage from a breach is minor or (b) a player takes penalty relief by playing a ball from a different place than where the original ball lies.

罰1桿。無(wú)論比洞賽還是比桿賽，當(dāng)按照某些規(guī)則發(fā)生如下狀況之一時(shí)，即施加這種處罰：（a）違規(guī)所獲的潛在利益微小；（b）球員進(jìn)行罰桿補(bǔ)救，在初始球所在位置以外的地方打一個(gè)球。

General Penalty (Loss of Hole in Match Play, Two-Stroke Penalty in Stroke Play). This penalty applies for a breach of most Rules, where the potential advantage is more significant than where only one penalty stroke applies.

一般性處罰（比洞賽該洞負(fù)，比桿賽罰2桿）。大多數(shù)違規(guī)情況下，球員違規(guī)所獲的潛在利益比1桿更大，此時(shí)要施加一般性處罰。

Disqualification. In both match play and stroke play, a player may be disqualified from the competition for certain actions or Rule breaches involving serious misconduct (see Rule 1.2) or where the potential advantage is too significant for the player’s score to be considered valid.

取消資格。無(wú)論比洞賽還是比桿賽，當(dāng)球員的某一行為或違規(guī)涉及嚴(yán)重行為不當(dāng)（參見規(guī)則1.2）或所獲潛在利益過(guò)大以致無(wú)法認(rèn)定其成績(jī)有效時(shí)，該球員可能被取消此次比賽的資格。

(3) No Discretion to Vary Penalties. Penalties need to be applied only as provided in the Rules:

不得擅自更改處罰。處罰只能根據(jù)規(guī)則的規(guī)定予以施加。

Neither a player nor the Committee has authority to apply penalties in a different way, and

無(wú)論球員還是委員會(huì)，都無(wú)權(quán)另行施加處罰；

A wrong application of a penalty or a failure to apply a penalty may stand only if it is too late to correct it (see Rules 20.1b(2)-(4), 20.2d and 20.2e).

只有時(shí)限已過(guò)而無(wú)法糾正的情況下（參見規(guī)則20.1b(2)~(4)、20.2d和20.2e），才可維持錯(cuò)罰或未罰的結(jié)果。

In match play, the player and opponent may agree how to decide a Rules issue so long as they do not deliberately agree to apply the Rules in the wrong way (see Rule 20.1b(1)).

比洞賽中，球員和對(duì)手可以協(xié)商決定某個(gè)規(guī)則事項(xiàng)的處理方式，但不得故意協(xié)商用錯(cuò)誤的方式執(zhí)行規(guī)則（參見規(guī)則20.1b(1)）。

(4) Applying Penalties to Multiple Breaches of the Rules. If a player breaches multiple Rules or the same Rule multiple times before an intervening event happens (such as making a stroke or becoming aware of the breach), the penalty that applies depends on what the player did:

對(duì)多重違規(guī)施加處罰。如果球員在另一事件（如擊打一桿或意識(shí)到違規(guī)）發(fā)生之前，違反了多條規(guī)則或多次違反同一規(guī)則，施加的處罰取決于球員當(dāng)時(shí)的行為：

When Breaches Resulted from Unrelated Acts. The player gets a separate penalty for each breach.

無(wú)關(guān)行為導(dǎo)致違規(guī)。球員就各個(gè)違規(guī)行為分別受到處罰。

When Breaches Resulted from a Single Act or Related Acts. The player gets only one penalty; but if the act or acts breached multiple Rules involving different penalties, the higher-level penalty applies. For example:

單一行為或多個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)行為導(dǎo)致違規(guī)。球員僅受一種處罰，但是，如果該行為所違反的規(guī)則涉及不同的處罰，則應(yīng)施加較高級(jí)別的處罰。例如：

>> Multiple procedural Breaches. If a player’s single act or related acts breach more than

one of the procedural requirements for marking, lifting, cleaning, dropping, replacing or placing a ball where the penalty is one stroke, such both lifting a ball without marking its spot and cleaning the lifted ball when not allowed, the player gets one penalty stroke in total.

多重程序違規(guī)。在關(guān)于標(biāo)記球、拿起球、擦拭球、拋球、把球放置回原位、放置球等規(guī)則中，違反程序上的規(guī)定的處罰是罰1桿，如果球員的單一行為或多個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)行為違反了多條程序上的規(guī)定，例如沒(méi)有標(biāo)記位置就拿起球，同時(shí)還在規(guī)則不允許的情況下擦拭了這個(gè)球，該球員總計(jì)被罰1桿。

>> Playing Incorrectly Substituted Ball from a Wrong Place. In stroke play, if a player plays a substituted ball when not allowed in breach of Rule 6.3b and also plays that ball from a wrong place in breach of Rule 14.7a, the player gets two penalty strokes in total.

從錯(cuò)誤的地方擊打錯(cuò)誤的替換球。比桿賽中，如果球員違反規(guī)則6.3b在規(guī)則不允許時(shí)打了替換球，同時(shí)他/她還違反規(guī)則14.7a在錯(cuò)誤的地方打了這個(gè)球，則球員總計(jì)被罰2桿。

>> Combined Procedural and Substitution/Wrong Place Breaches:

In stroke play, if a player’s single act or related acts breach one or more procedural requirements where the penalty is one stroke and also breach one or both of the Rules against playing an incorrectly substituted ball and playing from a wrong place, the player gets two penalty strokes in total.

程序違規(guī)和替換球/錯(cuò)誤的地方違規(guī)的結(jié)合：

比桿賽，如果球員的單一行為或多個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)行為違反了一條或多條程序上的規(guī)定（相應(yīng)的處罰是罰1桿），同時(shí)還違反了打錯(cuò)誤的替換球和從錯(cuò)誤的地方打球中的一條或全部?jī)蓷l規(guī)則，則球員總計(jì)被罰2桿。

But any penalty strokes a player gets for taking penalty relief (such as a one-stroke penalty under Rules 17.1, 18.1 and 19.2) are always applied in addition to any other penalties.

但是，球員因?yàn)椴扇×P桿補(bǔ)救（如根據(jù)規(guī)則17.1、18.1和19.2受到的1桿處罰）受到的任何罰桿

Rule 1.3c(4) Interpretations:

規(guī)則1.3c(4)釋義

1.3c(4)/1 – Intervening Event Between Breaches Results in Multiple Penalties

多次違規(guī)中間存在介入事件時(shí)施加多重處罰

When a player breaches multiple Rules or the same Rule multiple times, any relationship between the breaches is broken by an intervening event and the player will get multiple penalties.

當(dāng)球員違反多條規(guī)則或者多次違反同一規(guī)則時(shí)，這些違規(guī)之間的任何關(guān)聯(lián)性均被介入事件打破，該球員要受到多重處罰。

The three types of intervening events where the player will get multiple penalties are:

球員將受到多重處罰的三種典型的介入事件是：

Making a stroke. Example: In stroke play, a player’s ball is near a bush. The player breaks branches and this improves the area of intended swing (a breach of Rule 8.1a). The player makes a stroke, misses the ball, and then breaks more branches (a breach of Rule 8.1a). In this case, the stroke that missed the ball is an intervening event between the two breaches. Therefore, the player gets two separate two-stroke penalties under Rule 8.1a, for four penalty strokes in total.

擊球。例如：比桿賽中，球員的球停在灌木旁邊。該球員折斷了一些樹枝并因此改善了預(yù)計(jì)揮桿區(qū)域（違反了規(guī)則8.1a）。該球員進(jìn)行了一次擊球但沒(méi)有擊中球，然后又折斷了一些樹枝（違反了規(guī)則8.1a）。在這種情況下，未擊中球的那次擊球是這兩次違規(guī)之間的一個(gè)介入事件。因此，該球員要分別兩次按照規(guī)則8.1a被罰2桿，總計(jì)被罰4桿。

Putting a ball in play. Examples:

把一個(gè)球投入比賽狀態(tài)。例如：

>> In stroke play, a player’s ball is under a tree. The player breaks tree branches, improving the conditions affecting the stroke, but then decides the ball is unplayable. The player drops a ball within two club-lengths under Rule 19.2c (Unplayable Ball Relief) and then breaks more tree branches. In addition to the one penalty stroke under Rule 19.2, the player gets two separate two-stroke penalties under Rule 8.1a for improving conditions affecting the stoke, for five penalty strokes in total.

比桿賽中，球員的球停在樹下。該球員折斷了一些樹枝，改善了擊球環(huán)境，但隨后決定這個(gè)球不可打。該球員按照規(guī)則19.2c（不可打之球補(bǔ)救）在兩支球桿的長(zhǎng)度范圍內(nèi)拋了一個(gè)球，然后又折斷了一些樹枝。在按照規(guī)則19.2被罰1桿之外，該球員要分別兩次因改善了擊球環(huán)境而按照規(guī)則8.1a被罰2桿，總計(jì)被罰5桿。

>> A player’s ball lies in the fairway and he or she accidentally moves the ball at rest. As required by Rule 9.4 (Ball Lifted or Moved by Player), the player replaces the ball and adds one penalty stroke. Before making a stroke, the player accidentally moves the ball again. The player gets an additional penalty stroke and must again replace the ball, for two penalty strokes in total.

球員的球停在球道上，他/她意外地移動(dòng)了這個(gè)靜止中球。按照規(guī)則9.4（球被球員拿起或移動(dòng)）的要求，該球員把這個(gè)球放置回原位并被罰1桿。擊球前，該球員再次意外地移動(dòng)了這個(gè)球。該球員要額外再被罰1桿，并且必須再次把這個(gè)球放置回原位，總計(jì)被罰2桿。

Becoming aware of the breach. Example:

意識(shí)到違規(guī)。例如：

In stroke play, a plyer’s ball lies in a bunker where the player takes several practice swings each time touching the sand. Another player advises the player that this is a breach of the Rules. The player disagrees and takes several more practice swings, again touching the sand before making a stroke. Correctly informing the player of the breach of the Rules is an intervening event and, therefore, the player gets two separate two-stroke penalties under Rule 12.2b (Restrictions on Touching Sand in Bunker), for four penalty strokes in total.

比桿賽中，球員的球停在沙坑內(nèi)，該球員在這個(gè)沙坑內(nèi)進(jìn)行了幾次試揮，每次都觸碰了沙子。另一名球員告訴該球員這種行為違反了規(guī)則。該球員不同意，并且在擊球前又進(jìn)行了幾次試揮，再次觸碰了沙子。正確地告知該球員違反規(guī)則的行為是一個(gè)介入事件，因此，該球員要分別兩次按照規(guī)則12.2b（在沙坑內(nèi)觸碰沙子的限制）被罰2桿，總計(jì)被罰4桿。

1.3c(4)/2-Multiple Breaches From a Single Act Result in a Single Penalty

單一行為違反多條規(guī)則施加單一處罰

A single act may breach two different Rules. In this situation, one penalty is applied. In the case of two Rules with different penalties, the higher-level penalty will apply.

單一行為可能會(huì)違反兩條不同的規(guī)則。在這種情況下，施加一種處罰。當(dāng)兩條規(guī)則涉及不同的處罰時(shí)，應(yīng)施加較高級(jí)別的處罰。

For example, a player presses down the grass behind his or her ball in play and improves the lie in the rough, accidentally moving the ball as well. This single act (that is, pressing down the grass) breached two Rules, Rule 8.1a (Actions That Improve Conditions Affecting the Stroke) and Rule 9.4b (Lifting or Deliberately Touching Ball or Causing It to Move) and only one penalty applies.

例如，球員把他/她的比賽中球后方的草向下按壓，改善了這個(gè)球在長(zhǎng)草中的球位，同時(shí)意外地移動(dòng)了這個(gè)球。這個(gè)單一行為（即把草向下按壓）違反了兩條規(guī)則，規(guī)則8.1a（改善擊球環(huán)境的行為）和規(guī)則9.4b（拿起、故意觸碰球或?qū)е虑蛞苿?dòng)），但僅施加一種處罰。

In this case, the penalty under Rule 8.1a is the general penalty and the penalty under Rule 9.4b is one penalty stroke. Therefore, the higher-level penalty applies and the player loses the hole in match play or must add a total penalty of two strokes in stroke play under Rule 8.1a and the ball must be replaced.

此例中，規(guī)則8.1a規(guī)定的處罰是一般性處罰，規(guī)則9.4b規(guī)定的處罰是罰1桿。因此，施加較高級(jí)別的處罰，在比洞賽中該球員在本洞負(fù)，或者在比桿賽中，必須按照規(guī)則8.1a總計(jì)被罰2桿，并且這個(gè)球必須被放置回原位。

1.3c(4)/3-Meaning of Unrelated Acts

無(wú)關(guān)行為的意思

Unrelated acts in the context of Rule 1.3c(4) are acts of a player that are of a different type or associated with a different process.

規(guī)則1.3c(4)文本的無(wú)關(guān)行為是指球員的一些行為，這些行為是不同類別的或者與不同的處置程序相關(guān)。

Examples of unrelated acts where multiple penalties apply include:

對(duì)無(wú)關(guān)行為施加多重處罰的例子包括：

Making a practice swing that touches sand in a bunker and bending an overhanging tree branch that interferes with the player’s swing.

在沙坑內(nèi)進(jìn)行試揮觸碰了沙子及彎曲妨礙了球員揮桿的懸在上方的樹枝。

Moving an immovable obstruction that improves the area of the player’s swing and pressing down grass behind the ball.

移動(dòng)不可移動(dòng)妨礙物而改善了球員的揮桿區(qū)域及向下按壓球后方的草。

Examples of related acts where only one penalty applies include:

對(duì)關(guān)聯(lián)行為僅施加一種處罰的例子包括：

Making several practice swings that touch sand in a bunker.

在沙坑內(nèi)進(jìn)行了多次觸碰到沙子的試揮。

Asking for two different pieces of advice, such as what club the player used and what the wind direction is, both related to the process of selecting what club to use for the next stroke.

征詢兩種不同的助言，例如球員使用的是哪支球桿和是什么風(fēng)向，這兩種助言都與下一次擊球選擇使用什么球桿有關(guān)。

1.3c(4)/4-Not Replacing the Ball May Be Considered a Separate and Unrelated Act

未把球放置回原位可能會(huì)被視為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的無(wú)關(guān)行為

In the example given in 1.3c(4)/2, a single act of pressing down grass and moving the ball breached two Rules (Rule 8.1a and Rule 9.4b) and resulted in a single penalty being applied under Rule 8.1a (Actions That Improve Conditions Affecting the Stroke).

在1.3c(4)/2的例子中，向下按壓草并移動(dòng)了球的這個(gè)單一行為違反了兩條規(guī)則（規(guī)則8.1a和規(guī)則9.4b），結(jié)果是按照規(guī)則8.1a（球員改善擊球環(huán)境的行為）施加單一處罰。

However, Rule 9.4b (Lifting or Deliberately Touching Ball or Causing It to Move) requires that the moved ball be replaced and, if it is not replaced before the stroke, the player will get an additional penalty of two strokes under Rule 9.4b. The failure to replace the ball is considered a separate and unrelated act.

但是，規(guī)則9.4b（拿起或故意觸碰球、和導(dǎo)致球移動(dòng)的處罰）要求將被移動(dòng)的這個(gè)球放置回原位，如果在擊球前沒(méi)有把這個(gè)球放置回原位，該球員要額外按照規(guī)則9.4b被罰2桿。未把這個(gè)球放置回原位被視為一次獨(dú)立的無(wú)關(guān)行為。

Rule 1.3c General Interpretations:

規(guī)則1.3c通用釋義：

1.3c/1-Player Is Not Disqualified from a Competition When That Round Does Not Count

違規(guī)輪次的成績(jī)無(wú)效時(shí)球員不會(huì)被取消整場(chǎng)比賽的資格

In Competitions where not all rounds count, a player is not disqualified from the competition for being disqualified from a single round.

在不是全部輪次的成績(jī)均有效的比賽中，球員不會(huì)因?yàn)樵趩为?dú)一輪比賽中被取消資格而整場(chǎng)比賽被取消資格。

Examples of when a player is not disqualified from the competition:

球員不被取消整場(chǎng)比賽的資格的例子：

In a handicap competition where the two best of four rounds count, a player mistakenly returns his or her scorecard with a higher handicap that affects how many strokes are received in the first round.

差點(diǎn)比賽中，四輪比賽中成績(jī)最好的兩輪有效。在第一輪比賽中，球員錯(cuò)誤地提交了他/她的寫有虛高的差點(diǎn)的計(jì)分卡，這個(gè)虛高的差點(diǎn)影響到了所接受的差點(diǎn)桿數(shù)。

Since the higher handicap affected the number of handicap strokes received, the player is disqualified from the first round of the competition and now has three rounds in which to determine his or her two best net scores.

因?yàn)檫@個(gè)虛高的差點(diǎn)影響到了所接受的差點(diǎn)桿數(shù)，該球員在這場(chǎng)比賽的第一輪被取消資格，此時(shí)，該球員有三輪比賽來(lái)從中確定他/她的兩輪最好的凈桿成績(jī)。

In a team competition with four-player teams, where the three best scores for each round are added up to make the team’s score for each round, a player is disqualified from the second round for not correcting the play of a wrong ball. That player’s score does not count for the team score in the second round but the player’s score would count for any other round of the competition.

在一場(chǎng)每隊(duì)由四名球員組成的團(tuán)體賽中，各隊(duì)在每一輪的成績(jī)由該輪比賽中三個(gè)最好的成績(jī)相加來(lái)計(jì)算。在第二輪，一名球員因沒(méi)有糾正打錯(cuò)球而被取消資格。這名球員的成績(jī)不能用于計(jì)算本隊(duì)在第二輪比賽的成績(jī)，但是這名球員的成績(jī)可以用于計(jì)算本隊(duì)在該場(chǎng)比賽的任何其他一輪的成績(jī)。

1.3c/2-Applying Disqualification Penalties, Concessions and Wrong Number of Strokes in a Stroke-Play Play-Off

比桿賽附加賽中應(yīng)用取消資格的處罰、認(rèn)可/認(rèn)輸以及錯(cuò)誤桿數(shù)

During a play-off in a stroke-play competition the Rules are applied as follows:

在比桿賽的附加賽期間，按以下方式執(zhí)行規(guī)則：

If a player is disqualified (such as for making a stroke with a nonconforming club), the player is disqualified from the play-off only and the player is entitled to any prize that may have been won in the competition itself.

如果球員被取消資格（例如因?yàn)橛貌缓弦?guī)的球桿擊了球），該球員僅在附加賽中被取消資格，并且該球員有權(quán)獲得其在本場(chǎng)比賽本身已贏得的任何獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。

If two players are in the play-off, one player is allowed to concede the play-off to the other player.

在兩名球員進(jìn)行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的附加賽中，規(guī)則允許一名球員向另一名球員認(rèn)輸該附加賽。

If Player A mistakenly gives the wrong number of strokes to Player B and that mistake results in Player B lifting his or her ball (such as when Player B thinks he or she has lost the play-off to Player A), Player B is allowed to replace the ball without penalty and complete the hole. There is no penalty to Player A.

如果球員A錯(cuò)誤地向球員B提供了錯(cuò)誤的已打桿數(shù)，并且這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤導(dǎo)致球員B拿起了他/她的球（例如球員B認(rèn)為他/她已經(jīng)在附加賽中負(fù)于球員A），規(guī)則允許球員B把這個(gè)球放置回原位，不受處罰，并完成該洞的比賽。對(duì)球員A不施加處罰。