A

Airball: A shot at the basket that misses everything and doesnt touch the rim, backboard or net.

三不沾：沒有碰到籃筐、籃板或者籃網(wǎng)的未命中的投籃，又叫籃外大空心。

Alley-Oop: When one player jumps and catches a pass from another player and simultaneously dunks the ball or shoots it in before landing.

空接：一個球員起跳接到另一個球員的傳球，并在落地之前完成扣籃或投籃。

And One: When a player gets fouled while shooting and the ball goes in. The player then gets one free throw.

加罰一次：一個球員在投籃的時(shí)候被防守者犯規(guī)，該球投進(jìn)了，同時(shí)球員獲得一次站上罰球線投籃得一分的機(jī)會。

Assist: A statistic that occurs when a player passes the ball to someone who scores after receiving the pass. The passing player earns an assist in the stat sheet.

助攻：一個球員將籃球傳給隊(duì)友，隊(duì)友接球后直接得分，那么在技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)表上為該球員記錄助攻一次。

B

Backboard: The rectangular piece of wood or fiberglass the rim is attached to.

籃板：與籃筐相連接的木制或玻璃纖維的方形板。

Backdoor: An offensive action in which a player without the ball cuts behind a defender and toward the basket.

空切：進(jìn)攻方球員擺脫防守隊(duì)員空手向籃筐跑動，到空位或籃下獲取進(jìn)攻機(jī)會。

Bank Shot: When a player shoots the ball and it bounces off the backboard and into the hoop.

打板進(jìn)球（擦板籃）：球被投出從籃板反彈后入筐得分。

Block (action): A statistic that occurs when a defensive player stops an offensive player from making a shot by blocking the ball with his or her hand(s).

蓋帽（動作）：防守球員通過手碰到籃球來阻攔住進(jìn)攻球員（已出手）的投籃，則在技術(shù)統(tǒng)計(jì)表上為此防守球員記一次蓋帽。

Block (area of court): The area just outside of the key in which the rectangular blocks are painted. Also referred to as the post.

低位（球場的區(qū)域）：三秒?yún)^(qū)的兩側(cè)，也稱為低位背打區(qū)域。

（從大多數(shù)來源看，低位區(qū)域是從底線延伸到罰球線的一半）

Box Out: When a shot goes up, players use this technique, which involves widening their stance and arms and using their body as a barrier to get in better rebounding position.

卡位（搶籃板）：當(dāng)投籃出手以后，球員使用此技巧利用自己的身體來制造屏障，以確保自己搶籃板球的有利位置。

C

Carry: This penalty, which results in a turnover, occurs when a player holds the ball excessively at the apex while dribbling.

持球（違例）：球員在運(yùn)球時(shí)，將籃球停留在反彈最高點(diǎn)的時(shí)間過長，則為違例，也叫翻腕。

Charge: This penalty, which results in a turnover, occurs when an offensive player with the ball runs into a stationary defensive player and knocks him or her over.

沖撞犯規(guī)：持球進(jìn)攻的球員沖撞有合理位置且靜立不動的防守球員即為沖撞犯規(guī)。

D

Double Dribble: This penalty, which results in a turnover, occurs when a player dribbles the ball with both hands. It also occurs when a player dribbles, stops dribbling, and then begins to dribble again.

二次運(yùn)球：球員使用兩只手同時(shí)運(yùn)球，或者是在運(yùn)球時(shí)停下之后又重新開始運(yùn)球，即為二次運(yùn)球違例。

E

Elbow: The area of the court where the free throw line meets the side of the key or paint.

肘區(qū)：罰球線的兩端與三秒?yún)^(qū)相接的位置。

F

Fast Break: An offensive action where a team attempts to advance the ball and score as quickly as possible after a steal, blocked shot or rebound.

快攻：進(jìn)攻方在通過搶斷、蓋帽或籃球搶到籃球以后以最快的速度推進(jìn)籃球并獲取得分的一種進(jìn)攻方式。

Flop: When a player attempts to draw a foul on an opposing player by acting, fabricating or over-exaggerating the extent of contact.

假摔：球員通過表演或夸張的身體動作來制造犯規(guī)。

Free Throw: A free shot given to a player after a foul or a technical foul. The player shoots from the 15-foot free throw line while the rest of the players line up along the outside of the key.

罰籃（罰球）：在球員被犯規(guī)或?qū)Ψ奖慌屑夹g(shù)犯規(guī)以后，球員獲取站在三秒?yún)^(qū)外的15英尺長的罰球線投籃得分的機(jī)會。

K

Key: The painted area that makes up the free throw lane. Also referred to as the paint.

鑰匙區(qū)（油漆區(qū)）：即三秒?yún)^(qū)，罰球線到底線之間的被漆成不同顏色的區(qū)域，也被叫做油漆區(qū)。

L

Lay-Up: A shot taken close to the hoop, usually when a player is moving toward the basket.

上籃：球員在跑動中將球送進(jìn)籃筐的進(jìn)攻動作。

M

Man-to-Man: A defensive strategy in which each player on the defensive team guards one person on the opposing team.

人盯人防守：一種防守方采取的各自一對一盯防對方的球員的策略。

O

One and One: When a team has reached the initial foul limit, or the bonus, the next player to get fouled will receive one free throw. If the player makes the free throw, he or she shoots an additional free throw. This occurs in youth, high school and college basketball only.

一加一：在少年、高中或大學(xué)比賽中，如果對方隊(duì)伍在犯規(guī)滿額以后再次犯規(guī)，則球員獲取一次罰籃機(jī)會，如罰籃球進(jìn)，則該球員再獲取一次罰籃機(jī)會。

Outlet: An offensive strategy in which a player who gathers a defensive rebound passes to a teammate in an attempt to quickly begin the next possession.

長傳：進(jìn)攻方搶到后場籃板以后的第一次傳球，以盡快的速度完成進(jìn)攻，通常是長傳。

P

Paint: The painted area that makes up the free throw lane. Also referred to as the key.

油漆區(qū)：與鑰匙區(qū)相同。

Post: The area just outside of the key in which the rectangular blocks are painted. Also referred to as the block.

低位：三秒?yún)^(qū)的兩側(cè)，也稱為低位背打區(qū)域。

Press: A defensive strategy where the defenders guard the opposing team the full length of the court instead of waiting on the opposite side for the offense to come across.

緊逼防守：一種在全場對對方進(jìn)行壓迫性防守的防守策略。

Post Up: An offensive strategy in which a player gets the ball in the post area with his or her back to the basket.

背打戰(zhàn)術(shù)：球員在低位拿球背向籃筐的一種進(jìn)攻戰(zhàn)術(shù)。

R

Rebound: When a player from either team retrieves the ball and gains possession after a missed shot.

籃板球：在投籃不中以后，兩支球隊(duì)任一方的球員搶得球權(quán)，記為籃板球。

S

Screen: An offensive strategy in which a player without the ball stands in the way of a defensive player. The offensive player must remain stationary during the process, or a moving screen will be called and the result will be an offensive foul and a turnover.

擋拆：進(jìn)攻方無球球員用自己的身體擋住防守球員前進(jìn)方向，該無球球員只能靜立姿勢來進(jìn)行擋拆，否則會被判為進(jìn)攻犯規(guī)或移動擋拆犯規(guī)。

Swish: A made basket where the ball avoids the rim and touches nothing but the net, creating a "swish" sound.

空心籃：投籃命中的籃球只碰到籃網(wǎng)，沒有碰到籃筐，發(fā)出“刷”的一聲（swish是個擬聲詞）。

T

Three in the Key: A penalty, which results in a turnover, where an offensive player stands inside the key or the paint area for three seconds.

三秒違例：進(jìn)攻球員站在油漆區(qū)超過三秒。

Travel: A penalty, which results in a turnover, where an offensive player moves his or her pivot foot illegally or takes three steps without dribbling the ball.

走步違例：持球進(jìn)攻的球員錯誤地移動了中樞腳，或者是在運(yùn)球時(shí)持球跨了三步。

Turnover: When the offensive team loses possession of the ball by way of an offensive foul, steal or out-of-bounds violation.

失誤：進(jìn)攻方因?yàn)檫M(jìn)攻犯規(guī)、被搶斷或是球出邊線而失去球權(quán)。

Z

Zone Defense: A defensive strategy in which players guard a specific zone or area of the court instead of a specific player on the opposing team.

區(qū)域防守：一種防守球員針對特定區(qū)域而非特定球員進(jìn)行防守的策略。

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