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    2020年高考英語備考:高考英語「聽力必備場(chǎng)景詞」最全匯總

    杏彩體育2年前 (2023-02-18)乒乓球資訊82

    高考考試的對(duì)話內(nèi)容場(chǎng)景基本上都是考生所熟悉的,有校園、生活、工作、各種社交場(chǎng)所。了解一些場(chǎng)景下的常用語和常見表達(dá)對(duì)解題是很有幫助的。

    對(duì)這些常用詞匯和短語不僅要知道其本身的意思,還要知道它們的同義表達(dá)方式。這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在聽力試題一般不會(huì)在選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)對(duì)話中的原詞和詞組。

    以下場(chǎng)景是對(duì)話當(dāng)中所占比例最大的,掌握了這些場(chǎng)景下的常用短語和表達(dá)方式,也就從詞匯和短語方面抓住了解題的關(guān)鍵。

    1.餐館場(chǎng)景:

    restaurant餐館; cafeteria 自助餐廳;

    buffet 自助餐; canteen;dining hall 食堂,餐廳;

    coffee shop;cafe咖啡屋 ;

    snack bar 小吃街、大排擋

    【go out for dinner / dinner out / eat out 出去吃飯】

    waiter/waitress 男/女服務(wù)生;

    order 點(diǎn)菜 ;serve 上菜 ;

    menu 菜單;bill 賬單

    【pay the bill 付賬】

    tip 小費(fèi);change 零錢

    【Keep the change! 不用找零錢了! 】

    treat 請(qǐng)客

    【This is my treat!、 It’s on me!我請(qǐng)客! 】

    【go Dutch ;Let’s go fifty fifty. AA制】

    【Help yourself. 請(qǐng)隨便吃】

    knife刀;fork叉;chopsticks筷子;

    spoon勺子;plate碟子;tray 托盤;

    appetizer 開胃菜;dessert甜品,水果;

    soup 湯 ;steak 牛排;cheese奶酪 ;

    sandwich 三明治;hamburger 漢堡包;

    French fries 炸薯?xiàng)l;pizza 披薩;

    bacon 培根 ;chicken雞肉;

    beef牛肉;pork豬肉

    drink 喝,飲料;wine 紅酒;

    coke 可口可樂;

    coffee咖啡;dressing 調(diào)味醬;

    pepper胡椒;ketchup 番茄醬;

    delicious、yummy 可口的;rare半熟的

    2.郵局場(chǎng)景:

    stamp郵票;envelope 信封;

    package / parcel 包裹;

    parcel form包裹單;zip code郵編;

    weight重量;overweight 超重;

    postage郵費(fèi);extra postage 額外郵資;insurance保險(xiǎn);

    send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /發(fā)信;

    delivery投遞,傳送;claim領(lǐng)?。?/p>

    express mail 快件;EMS特快專遞;

    airmail 航空信件;surface mail 平郵;

    ordinary letter平信;

    registered letter掛號(hào)信。

    3.圖書館場(chǎng)景:

    library card借書證;

    borrow借入;lend借出;

    keep持有,保管,存放;renew續(xù)借;return歸還;

    overdue 借書逾期;pay a fine 交罰款;

    librarian 圖書管理員;bookshelf書架;

    novel小說;science fiction科幻小說;

    magazine雜志;periodical期刊;reference book參考書;

    4.校園場(chǎng)景:

    tuition學(xué)費(fèi);scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金;

    term/semester 學(xué)期;seminar研討班;

    presentation 課堂發(fā)言;

    assignment/homework作業(yè);register 注冊(cè);

    be absent 缺席;final exam 期末考試;

    review/ go over復(fù)習(xí); fail/pass不及格/通過;

    cut a class逃課; graduate畢業(yè); stationery文具;

    essay論文;paper試卷;

    attend a lecture 聽講座 textbook 課本;

    classroom 教師;laboratory實(shí)驗(yàn)室;

    mark/grade 成績;course 課程;

    subject 學(xué)科;playground 操場(chǎng)

    5.醫(yī)院及健康場(chǎng)景:

    doctor醫(yī)生;dentist牙醫(yī);physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)生;

    surgeon外科醫(yī)生;nurse護(hù)士;

    hospital醫(yī)院;clinic 診所;

    Health Center醫(yī)療中心;

    emergency room/ department 急診室;

    emergent treatment急救處理;

    first aid 急救;treatment治療手段;

    check up 檢查;physical examination體檢;

    take one’s temperature / blood pressure 測(cè)量體溫/血壓;

    show one’s tongue伸出舌頭;

    write a prescription開處方;

    give an injection打針;

    visiting hours 探視時(shí)間

    medicine藥;pills / tablets藥丸/藥片;

    aspirin 阿司匹林;suffer from受…苦;

    pain疼痛;headache頭痛;stomachache肚子痛;

    backache背痛;sore-throat喉嚨痛;

    cough咳嗽;fever發(fā)燒;cold / flu 感冒/流感

    【have/catch a cold患感冒】;

    heart attack 心臟病;dizzy眩暈的;

    ——What’s up? / How is it going? / How are you?

    ——I’m fine. / I feel good/ terrific. / I couldn’t be better. / Nothing is very wrong with me. 好。

    I am not feeling good. / I feel terrible/horrible/awful. / I am not myself these days. 不好。

    (注意聽語氣:身體好的時(shí)候,語調(diào)上揚(yáng),語氣非常歡快; 身體不好的時(shí)候,降調(diào),語氣非常郁悶。)

    6.電話場(chǎng)景:

    operator 接線員

    【Extension six two two six, please.請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)6226。The line is bad/ busy / engaged. It kept a busy line. 電話占線。】

    long distance call 長途電話;

    collect call 對(duì)方付費(fèi)電話;put through 接通電話;

    leave a message留口信;

    dial the wrong number撥錯(cuò)號(hào)碼;

    call/ telephone/ ring/ phone sb.;

    give sb. a call/ ring給某人打電話;

    ——Hello! This is …speaking. 您好,我是…。

    ——Who’s speaking?/Who is that? 您是誰?

    Hold on /Hold the line, please. 請(qǐng)稍等,別掛斷。

    I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again.我一會(huì)兒再打。

    I couldn’t get through.打不通;

    Sorry, I’m afraid you have the wrong number.對(duì)不起,您撥錯(cuò)號(hào)啦。

    7.酒店場(chǎng)景:

    make a reservation 預(yù)定房間;

    reception desk 接待處;

    reception服務(wù)臺(tái);receptionist 服務(wù)員;

    accommodation住宿; registration登記;

    check in 入??;check out 結(jié)帳;

    Identity/ID card 身份證;fill out a form填表;

    single room 單間;double room雙人間;

    suite套間;room number房間號(hào);

    room key房間鑰匙;room service客房服務(wù);

    wake-up call叫醒電話

    Do you have a reservation Sir?先生,您預(yù)訂了嗎?

    Have you got any vacant room? (= Is there any room available here?) 有空房間嗎?

    All the room are occupied. 房間已滿。

    Can I have a suite please?有套間嗎?

    How much do you charge for that? 如何收費(fèi)?

    Smoking or no smoking? 吸煙或不吸煙?

    Meals included. 包括飲食。

    Can I show you your room? 我可以帶你去你的房間?

    Can I carry your luggage?我可以幫你提行李嗎?

    8.交通場(chǎng)景:

    plane飛機(jī);ship輪船;bus 公交車;

    coach長途客車;train火車;

    subway/underground 地鐵;

    railway 鐵路;highway 公路;

    sidewalk/pavement人行道;

    one-way street 單行道;

    rush hour交通高峰期; crowded擁擠的;

    heavy traffic擁擠的交通; traffic jam交通阻塞;

    traffic rules交通規(guī)則; traffic lights交通燈;

    driving license駕照;driver司機(jī);

    garage修車廠、車庫;

    car accident/crash車禍;speed超速;r

    Running the red light闖紅燈; flat tire爆胎;

    scratches刮蹭;fix/repair修理;survive幸存

    by plane/air乘飛機(jī); by sea/land水路、陸路;

    by subway/underground 乘地鐵;

    transfer換乘、轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)

    May I see your license, please?

    我可以看看你的駕照,好嗎?

    You will be fined by $20.

    你將處以20元的罰款。

    9.機(jī)場(chǎng)場(chǎng)景:

    airline航空公司;airway 航線;flight 航班;

    book/serve預(yù)定; behind schedule 晚點(diǎn);

    cancel取消;customs海關(guān);security check安檢;

    passport護(hù)照;visa簽證;

    departure lounge 候機(jī)室;

    departure gate登機(jī)口;check in 辦理登機(jī)手續(xù);

    on board登機(jī);boarding pass/card 登機(jī)牌;

    luggage/baggage行李; suitcase行李箱;

    take off 起飛;land降落; safe landing安全著陸

    bound for…飛往…方向去的;

    departure to 前往;destination目的地;

    departure time起飛時(shí)間;

    see sb. off為某人送行; pick up接機(jī)

    【在飛機(jī)上】

    a window seat靠窗的座位;

    an aisle seat靠走道的座位; captain機(jī)長;

    pilot飛行員;airhostess/stewardess空姐;

    fasten the safety/safe belt系緊安全帶;

    airsick暈機(jī); jet lag飛機(jī)時(shí)差反應(yīng);

    10.在火車站(At the railway station):

    booking/ticket office售票處;

    conductor售票員; train 火車;

    express train特快列車; carriage車廂;

    dining car餐車;waiting room 候車室;

    platform 站臺(tái),月臺(tái);

    one way trip/ticket 單程/單程票;

    round trip/ticket往返/往返票;

    a hard seat 硬座;a soft seat軟座

    11.購物場(chǎng)景:

    store 商店;grocery食品店;

    department store 百貨商場(chǎng);

    shopping center/mall 購物中心;

    shop assistant店員;counter 柜臺(tái);

    receipt 收據(jù);deliver 送貨;refund 退款;

    bargain便宜貨;out of stock 脫銷/缺貨;

    in stock 有貨;selling season 銷售旺季;

    on sale打折; 50% off 打五折;

    a 30% discount打七折;

    catalogue 產(chǎn)品目錄;

    Commodity information商品信息;

    brand 品牌;size尺碼;color顏色;

    style樣式;price價(jià)格;

    【W(wǎng)hat color/size/kind do you want?您需要什么樣的顏色/多大尺寸/哪種?】

    second-hand 二手的;popular / fashionable 流行的;

    in fashion 流行,時(shí)尚;

    out of fashion 過時(shí)的;

    商品論貴賤expensive, cheap;

    價(jià)格論高低high, low;

    pay in cash 用現(xiàn)金支付;

    pay in check 用支票支付;

    credit card 信用卡;

    pay by installment 分期付款;

    【在服裝店(In a clothing store/shop)】

    trousers 褲子 clothes 衣服;skirt裙子;

    shirt襯衫;jacket夾克;coat上衣;

    a bigger size 稍大一點(diǎn)尺寸;

    what size 多大尺寸;

    this style這種式樣;

    fit you合你身;try on試穿;match 相配

    12.天氣場(chǎng)景:

    fine 晴朗的;sunny/bright/clear 陽光明媚的;

    overcast 多云;cloudy 陰;humid 濕潤的;

    wet 潮濕的;rainy有雨的;clear up 天空放晴;

    freezing-cold 冰冷的;hot炎熱的;cool涼爽的;

    warm暖和的;mild溫和的;windy有風(fēng)的;

    calm無風(fēng)的;breeze微風(fēng);moderate 風(fēng)力不大;

    strong/ high winds 大風(fēng);tornado 龍卷風(fēng);

    typhoon 臺(tái)風(fēng);fog霧;snow雪;

    drizzle毛毛細(xì)雨;light rain小雨;

    shower 陣雨;storm 暴風(fēng)雨;

    downpour傾盆大雨;

    【It rains cats and dogs.(=The rain is pouring.)下著傾盆大雨】

    thunder 打雷;blizzard大風(fēng)雪;

    snowstorm暴風(fēng)雪;

    【weather in London / Seattle 意指不好的天氣;weather in California 意指好天氣】

    經(jīng)常和天氣相聯(lián)系的情況:

    vacation(假期) 和 flight(航班)

    (be delayed延誤/cancelled取消by the bad weather)。

    put away clothes 下雨收衣服;

    13.銀行場(chǎng)景:

    business hour 營業(yè)時(shí)間;deposit存款;

    withdraw 取款;open an account 開戶;

    savings account 儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶;

    check account 支票賬戶;

    interest rate 利率;cash a check兌現(xiàn)支票

    14.常見的身份與職業(yè):

    part-time job 兼職工作; full-time job 全職工作

    psychologist心理學(xué)家;principal校長;

    professor 教授;postman 郵遞員;

    driver司機(jī);policeman 警察;

    firefighter 消防員;assistant 助手/助教;

    receptionist接待員;typist 打字員;

    cashier收納;waiter 服務(wù)員;

    passenger 乘客;ticket seller 售票員;

    conductor 售票員,列車長;

    salesman銷售員;nurse 護(hù)士;

    housewife 家庭主婦;lawyer律師;

    engineer 工程師;architect建筑師;

    chef廚師;guide 導(dǎo)游;

    reporter/journalist 記者;editor 編輯;

    author作家;pianist鋼琴家;

    musician音樂家;singer歌手;

    photographer 攝影師;artist藝術(shù)家;

    designer設(shè)計(jì)師;scientist科學(xué)家;

    barber理發(fā)師;butcher屠夫;tailor裁縫

    15.人物關(guān)系relationship:

    strangers陌生人;neighbors鄰居;

    classmates同學(xué);colleagues/co-workers同事;

    friends朋友; husband and wife 夫妻;

    guest and receptionist客人與接待員;

    doctor and patient醫(yī)生與病人;

    teacher and student師生;

    boss and secretary老板和秘書;

    policeman and driver警察與司機(jī);

    interviewer and interviewee面試官與面試者;

    employer and employee 雇主與員工;

    shop assistant/waiter and customer營業(yè)員與顧客;

    parent and child 父母與子女

    16.工作:

    job opportunity 工作機(jī)會(huì);interview面試;

    resume簡歷;educational background教育背景;

    application letter 求職信;recommendation 推薦信;

    certificate 助手;qualification資歷;

    experience 經(jīng)驗(yàn);position 職位;salary 薪水;

    allowance津貼;promotion晉升;vacation休假;

    break 短暫休息;retire 退休;work overtime加班;

    shift work 倒班工作;ask for leave 請(qǐng)假;

    sick leave 病假;have a week off 休一周假;

    clerk職員;secretary秘書;manager經(jīng)理;

    HR manager人事經(jīng)理;general manager總經(jīng)理;

    client客戶

    17.興趣愛好:

    hobby 興趣;entertainment 娛樂;

    go to the cinema/movies/theatre 去看電影;

    comedy喜??;tragedy悲?。?/p>

    action movie 動(dòng)作片;cartoon 動(dòng)畫片;

    documentary 紀(jì)錄片;thriller 驚悚片;

    horror film恐怖片;detective movie偵探片;

    western film西部片;soap opera 肥皂劇

    hiking 徒步旅行;camping野營;

    diving潛水;surfing沖浪;skiing滑雪;

    seashore 海岸;beach海灘;

    sun-burnt 曬黑的;palace宮殿;castle城堡

    18.運(yùn)動(dòng):

    competition 競(jìng)賽;sports field運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng);

    club俱樂部;sportsman/athlete/player運(yùn)動(dòng)員;

    coach教練;champion冠軍;

    gold/silver/bronze medal金/銀/銅牌;

    basketball籃球;football美式足球;

    soccer英式足球;volleyball排球;

    baseball棒球;tennis網(wǎng)球;

    table tennis乒乓球;golf高爾夫;

    jogging慢跑;swimming游泳;

    wrestling摔跤;shooting射擊;

    boxing拳擊;weightlifting舉重;

    relay race接力賽;

    break the world record 打破世界紀(jì)錄

    19.觀光旅游:

    vacation/holiday 假日;

    historical spots/relics 古跡;scenery 風(fēng)景;

    museum博物館;mountain山脈;river河流;

    lake 湖泊;waterfall瀑布;beach 沙灘;

    island 島嶼;lawn 草地;temple寺廟;

    zoo動(dòng)物園;travel/trip/tour/voyage旅行;

    travel agency 旅行社;

    a guided tour 有導(dǎo)游的旅行;

    go sightseeing觀光;hotel 賓館;

    souvenir 紀(jì)念品;ticket 票

    景點(diǎn)評(píng)論:

    fascinating/breathtaking 激動(dòng)人心的;

    thrilling 刺激的;refreshing清爽的;

    unforgettable難忘的;

    terrific/ fantastic極好的;

    20.租房:

    landlord 房東;landlady女房東;

    rent租/租金;deposit押金;contract合同;

    furnished 有家具電器的;furniture 家具;

    heat暖氣;gas煤氣;electricity 電;

    lift 電梯;stairs 樓梯;balcony陽臺(tái);

    living room起居室;guest room客廳;

    dinning room 餐廳;kitchen 廚房;

    bathroom 浴室;toilet 衛(wèi)生間;

    basement 地下室

    21.日常生活:

    housework 家務(wù);channel頻道;

    cook烹飪;dining table飯桌;fridge冰箱;

    television電視;oven烤箱;cabinet 櫥柜;

    dishwasher洗碗機(jī);sheet床單;

    blanket毯子;carpet地毯;curtain窗簾;

    towel毛巾;shampoo洗發(fā)水;

    soap肥皂;haircut理發(fā);shaver剃須刀

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